Fast control feedback for multiple downlink carrier operations

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for fast control channel feedback for multiple downlink carrier operations are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) receives signals over a plurality of downlink carriers, generates feedback for each of the plurality of downlink carriers based on the received signals, and transmits via a plurality of antennas, the feedback for at least one of the plurality of downlink carriers over a first physical channel and feedback for another of the plurality of downlink carriers over a second physical channel.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/650,022 filed Dec. 30, 2009, which claims the benefit of U.S.provisional application Nos. 61/141,605 filed Dec. 30, 2008, 61/256,173filed Oct. 29, 2009, 61/148,804 filed Jan. 30, 2009 which are herebyincorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.

FIELD OF INVENTION

This application is related to wireless communications.

BACKGROUND

Personal communications devices with advanced data capabilities and datacards allow mobile computers to connect to the internet wirelessly.These devices create an increasing demand for higher data rate andbandwidth to wireless service providers and operators. To meet theseneeds, wireless communication systems may use multiple carriers for thetransmission of data. A wireless communication systems that usesmultiple carriers for the transmission of data may be referred to as amulti-carrier system. The use of multiple carriers is expanding in bothcellular and non-cellular wireless systems.

A multi-carrier system may increase the bandwidth available in awireless communication system according to a multiple of how manycarriers are made available. For instance, a dual-carrier system maydouble the bandwidth when compared to a single carrier system andtri-carrier system may triple the bandwidth when compared to a singlecarrier system. In addition to this throughout gain, diversity and jointscheduling gains may also be expected. This may result in improving thequality of service (QoS) for end users. Further, the use of multiplecarriers may be used in combination with multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO).

As a response to this increased demand in bandwidth, wireless technologycontinues to evolve. For example, as part of the 3rd GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP) specifications, simultaneous use of twoHigh-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) downlink carriers has beenintroduced. In this setup, a base station (which may also be referred toas a Node-B, an access point, site controller, etc. in other variationsor types of communications networks) communicates to a wirelesstransmit/receive unit (WTRU) over two downlink carriers simultaneously.This not only may double the bandwidth and the peak data rate availableto WTRUs, but also may increase the network efficiency by means of fastscheduling and fast channel feedback over two carriers. Thisdual-carrier HSDPA (DC-HSDPA) so far only offers a limited set of HSDPAfunctionality as it does not support MIMO.

As the data usage continues to increase rapidly, communication systemsmay use more than two downlink carriers. Multi-carrier operations areproposed to allow multi-carrier aggregation. Multi-carrier operationsmay allow the WTRU and network to receive/transmit on two or morecarriers.

While for dual-carrier the Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)acknowledgment codebook has been specified, a codebook and associatedfeedback mechanism for more than two carriers is desired.

SUMMARY

A method and apparatus for fast control channel feedback for multipledownlink carrier operations are disclosed. A WTRU receives signals overa plurality of downlink carriers, generates feedback for each of theplurality of downlink carriers based on the received signals andtransmits, via a plurality of antennas, the feedback for at least one ofthe plurality of downlink carriers over a first physical channel andfeedback for another of the plurality of downlink carriers over a secondphysical channel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more detailed understanding may be had from the following description,given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawingswherein:

FIG. 1 shows a composite CQI report;

FIG. 2 shows an HS-DPCCH frame structure;

FIG. 3 shows an example wireless communication system where uplinktransmissions are handled with a single carrier and downlinktransmissions are handled using multiple carriers;

FIG. 4 shows an example wireless communications system where uplinktransmissions are handled using multiple carriers and downlinktransmissions are handled using multiple carriers;

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the WTRU and the Node-B of thewireless communication system of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 shows an example format and channel coding using at least one newphysical control channel to provide feedback information for additionalcarriers;

FIG. 7 shows an example HS-DPCCH frame format where two HARQ-ACK fields(HARQ1 and HARQ2) are time-multiplexed;

FIG. 8 shows an example time slotted structure of two consecutivesub-frames of a HS-DPCCH;

FIG. 9 illustrates another example of possible HS-DPCCH frame structurewith the spreading factor of 128;

FIG. 10 shows an example embodiment where a composite CQI feedbackreport is made from four individual CQI reports that are represented byCQI1, CQI2, CQI3, and CQI4;

FIG. 11 shows a time slot structure of two consecutive sub-frames of aHS-DPCCH;

FIG. 12 shows an example embodiment of a composite CQI report with threereports, where three CQI reports are concatenated together;

FIG. 13 shows an example embodiment where the HS-DPCCH1 may betransmitted on the serving/primary UL carrier and HS-DPCCH2 may betransmitted on the secondary carrier; and

FIG. 14 shows an example of a state reduction function.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

When referred to hereafter, the terminology “wireless transmit/receiveunit (WTRU)” includes but is not limited to a user equipment (UE), amobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a pager, a cellulartelephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computer, or any othertype of user device capable of operating in a wireless environment. Whenreferred to hereafter, the terminology “base station” includes but isnot limited to a Node-B, a site controller, an access point (AP), or anyother type of interfacing device capable of operating in a wirelessenvironment.

The network may assign at least one downlink (DL) and/or at least oneuplink (UL) carrier as an anchor downlink carrier and an anchor uplinkcarrier, respectively. In multi-carrier operation a WTRU may beconfigured to operate with two or more carriers or also referred to asfrequencies. Each of these carriers may have distinct characteristicsand logical association with the network and the WTRU, and the operatingfrequencies may be grouped and referred to as anchor or primary carrierand supplementary and secondary carrier. Hereinafter, the terminologies“anchor carrier” and “primary carrier”, and “supplementary carrier” and“secondary carrier” will be used interchangeably, respectively. “Anchorcarrier” may also refer to a “primary uplink frequency” in the uplinkand “primary downlink frequency in the downlink.” Similarly,“supplementary carrier” may also refer to a “secondary uplink frequency”in the uplink and “secondary downlink frequency in the downlink.” Ifmore than two carriers are configured, the WTRU may contain more thanone primary carrier and/or more than one secondary carrier(s). Theembodiments described herein are applicable and may be extended to thesescenarios as well. For example, the anchor carrier may be defined as thecarrier for carrying a specific set of control information fordownlink/uplink transmissions. Any carrier that is not assigned as ananchor carrier may be a supplementary carrier. Alternatively, thenetwork may not assign an anchor carrier and no priority, preference, ordefault status may be given to any downlink or uplink carriers. Formulti-carrier operation more than one supplementary carriers orsecondary carriers may exist.

The DL feedback for up to two carriers or for up to two streams in caseof MIMO configuration with single MIMO carrier may be implemented. Anexample of DL feedback includes the High Speed Dedicated PhysicalControl Channel (HS-DPCCH), which is used to transmit ACK/NACKinformation and Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) for each carrier. TheACK/NACK info is jointly coded and transmitted over one HS-DPCCH.

Table 1 shows an example channel coding of HARQ-ACK in case dual-carrieris configured. The composite HARQ acknowledgement message to betransmitted may be coded to ten bits as shown in the Table 1. The outputis denoted as w₀, w₁, . . . , w₉.

TABLE 1 HARQ-ACK message to be transmitted w₀ w₁ w₂ w₃ w₄ w₅ w₆ w₇ w₈ w₉HARQ-ACK when WTRU detects a single scheduled transport block (TB) onthe serving HS-DSCH cell ACK 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NACK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 HARQ-ACK when WTRU detects a single scheduled TB on the secondaryserving HS-DSCH cell ACK 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 NACK 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1HARQ-ACK when WTRU detects a single schleduled TB on each of the servingand secondary serving HS-DSCH cells Response to TB Response to TB fromsecondary from serving serving HS- HS-DSCH cell DSCH cell ACK ACK 1 0 10 1 0 1 0 1 0 ACK NACK 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 NACK ACK 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0NACK NACK 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 PRE/POST indication PRE 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 10 POST 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

FIG. 1 shows a composite CQI report. The composite CQI report isconstructed from two individual CQI reports that are represented by CQI1and CQI2. CQI1 corresponds to the CQI associated to a serving High-SpeedDownlink Shared Channel (HS-DSCH) cell, and CQI2 corresponds to the CQIassociated to a secondary serving HS-DSCH cell. The two individual CQIreports are concatenated to form the composite channel qualityindication according to the following relation:

(a ₀ a ₁ a ₂ a ₃ a ₄ a ₅ a ₆ a ₇ a ₈ a ₉)=(cqi1₀ cqi1₁ cqi1₂ cqi1₃ cqi1₄cqi2₀ cqi2₁ cqi2₂ cqi2₃ cqi2₄)

In addition to multi-carrier communication, MIMO is a technique forimproving wireless capacity and range by using spatial multiplexing.MIMO uses multiple antennas to send information. In addition to twoACK/NACKs for potentially two data streams and the combined CQI, a WTRUoperating in MIMO mode also needs to transmit the precoding controlinformation (PCI).

FIG. 2 shows an HS-DPCCH frame structure. The HS-DPCCH may carry uplinkfeedback information related to downlink HS-DSCH transmission. Thisfeedback information is carried on the uplink HS-DPCCH. As shown in FIG.2, the feedback information may include a HARQ-ACK field and a CQI. Eachsub-frame of 2 ms may include, for example, three slots. The HARQ-ACKfield, for example, may be included in a first slot. The HARQ-ACK fieldcarries the ACK/NACK information The CQI field, which carries thechannel quality indication, may use two slots. A 10 ms radio frame, forexample, may include five sub-frames.

The introduction of multi-carrier operation introduces the need foradditional feedback mechanism. If the network is transmitting in morethan two carriers simultaneously, the WTRU needs to be capable ofacknowledging all carriers and also sending CQI feedback for allconfigured carriers.

Additionally, the current HARQ acknowledgment codebook only allows aWTRU to provide DL feedback for up to two carriers or for up to fourstreams in total in cases that MIMO is configured in conjunction withthe dual-carrier operation.

The composite HARQ acknowledgement message to be transmitted may becoded to 10 bits as shown in Table 2, which is the codebook table usedfor when dual-carrier downlink operation is combined with MIMO. Here ‘A’means ‘ACK’, ‘N’ means ‘NACK’ and ‘D’ means ‘no transmission’ (‘i.e.discontinuous transmission (DTX)). ‘AA’, ‘AN’, ‘NA’ and ‘NN’ refer tofeedback for dual-stream transmission in a cell. For example, ‘AN’ meansACK on the primary stream and NACK on the secondary stream. The outputis denoted as w₀, w₁, . . . w₉.

Table 2 shows channel coding of HARQ-ACK in case both dual-carrier andMIMO are configured.

TABLE 2 A/D 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 AA/A 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 N/D 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 AA/N 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 AA/D 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 AN/A 1 0 1 1 10 0 1 1 0 AN/D 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 AN/N 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 NA/D 0 1 1 11 0 1 0 1 1 NA/A 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 NN/D 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 NA/N 1 1 00 1 0 0 0 0 1 D/A 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 NN/A 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 D/N 1 1 11 1 1 0 0 0 0 NN/N 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 D/AA 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 AA/AA 01 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 D/AN 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 AA/AN 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1D/NA 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 AA/NA 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 D/NN 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 10 0 AA/NN 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 A/A 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 AN/AA 0 0 0 1 1 00 1 0 1 A/N 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 AN/AN 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 N/A 1 0 0 1 01 1 1 0 0 AN/NA 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 N/N 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 AN/NN 0 0 11 0 1 0 0 0 1 A/AA 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 NA/AA 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 A/AN 10 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 NA/AN 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 A/NA 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1NA/NA 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 A/NN 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 NA/NN 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 01 0 N/AA 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 NN/AA 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 N/AN 1 1 0 0 0 10 1 1 0 NN/AN 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 N/NA 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 NN/NA 0 1 0 01 1 0 0 0 0 N/NN 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 NN/NN 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 PRE/POSTPRE 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 POST 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

FIG. 3 shows an example wireless communication system 100 where uplinktransmissions are handled with a single carrier 160 and downlinktransmissions are handled using multiple carriers 170. The wirelesscommunication system 100 includes a plurality of WTRUs 110, a Node-B120, a controlling radio network controller (CRNC) 130, a serving radionetwork controller (SRNC) 140, and a core network 160. The Node-B 120and the CRNC 130 may collectively be referred to as the UMTS TerrestrialRadio Access Network (UTRAN).

As shown in FIG. 3, the WTRUs 110 are in communication with the Node-B120, which is in communication with the CRNC 130 and the SRNC 140.Although three WTRUs 110, one Node-B 120, one CRNC 130, and one SRNC 140are shown in FIG. 2, it should be noted that any combination of wirelessand wired devices may be included in the wireless communication system100.

FIG. 4 shows an example wireless communications system 200 according toan example embodiment where uplink transmissions are handled usingmultiple carriers 260 and downlink transmissions are handled usingmultiple carriers 270. The wireless communication system 200 includes aplurality of WTRUs 210, a Node-B 220, a CRNC 230, a SRNC 240, and a corenetwork 250. The Node-B 220 and the CRNC 230 may collectively bereferred to as the UTRAN.

As shown in FIG. 4, the WTRUs 210 are in communication with the Node-B220, which is in communication with the CRNC 230 and the SRNC 240.Although three WTRUs 210, one Node-B 220, one CRNC 230, and one SRNC 240are shown in FIG. 3, it should be noted that any combination of wirelessand wired devices may be included in the wireless communication system200.

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the WTRU 410 and the Node-B 420of the wireless communication system 200 of FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 5,the WTRU 410 is in communication with the Node-B 420 and both areconfigured to perform a method wherein uplink transmissions from theWTRU 410 are transmitted to the Node-B 420 using multiple uplinkcarriers 460. The WTRU 410 includes a processor 415, a transmitter 416,a receiver 417, a memory 418, an antenna 419, and other components (notshown) that may be found in a typical WTRU. The antenna 419 may includea plurality of antenna elements or plurality of antennas may be includedin the WTRU 410. The memory 418 is provided to store software includingoperating system, application, and other similar uses. The processor 415is provided to perform, alone or in association with software and/or anyone or more of the components, a method of performing uplinktransmissions with multiple uplink carriers. The receiver 417 and thetransmitter 416 are in communication with the processor 415. Thereceiver 417 and the transmitter 416 are capable of receiving andtransmitting one or more carriers simultaneously. Alternatively,multiple receivers and/or multiple transmitters may be included in theWTRU 410. The antenna 419 is in communication with both the receiver 417and the transmitter 416 to facilitate the transmission and reception ofwireless data.

The Node-B 420 includes a processor 425, a transmitter 426, a receiver427, a memory 428, an antenna 429, and other components (not shown) thatmay be found in a typical base station. The antenna 429 may include aplurality of antenna elements or plurality of antennas may be includedin the Node-B 420. The memory 428 is provided to store softwareincluding operating system, application, and other similar uses. Theprocessor 425 is provided to perform, alone or in association withsoftware and/or any one or more of the components, a method whereinuplink transmissions from the WTRU 410 are transmitted to the Node-B 420using multiple uplink carriers in accordance with embodiments disclosedhereafter. The receiver 427 and the transmitter 426 are in communicationwith the processor 425. The receiver 427 and the transmitter 426 arecapable of receiving and transmitting one or more carrierssimultaneously. Alternatively, multiple receivers and/or multipletransmitters may be included in the Node-B 420. The antenna 429 is incommunication with both the receiver 427 and the transmitter 426 tofacilitate the transmission and reception of wireless data.

It is also noted that although the embodiments described herein aredescribed with reference to channels associated with 3GPP Releases 4through 9, it should be noted that the embodiments are applicable tofurther 3GPP releases (and the channels used therein) such as 3GPP LongTerm Evolution (LTE) as well as any other type of wireless communicationsystem, and the channels used therein. It should also be noted that theembodiments described herein may be applicable in any order or in anycombination.

Feedback mechanisms and methods to allow/enable reception of multipledownlink transmissions and increase the efficiency of multi-carrieroperation are disclosed herein. The different embodiments described maybe used individually or in any combination.

In one embodiment, when a WTRU 410 is configured with dual-carrieroperation in the UL, the WTRU 410 may also be configured with aprimary/anchor UL carrier and a supplementary UL carrier. Theanchor/primary UL carrier may be referred to as the UL carrier that isassociated to the anchor DL carrier. Depending on the dual cell ULoperation, the WTRU 410 may be configured with two DL cells that consistof the same set of channels as a previously defined serving HS-DSCH cell(i.e., Fractional Dedicated Channel (F-DPCH), Enhanced-Dedicated Channel(E-DCH) HARQ Acknowledgement Indicator Channel (E-HIGH), E-DCH RelativeGrant Channel(E-RGCH), and E-DCH Absolute Grant Channel (E-AGCH)). TheWTRU 410 may be configured with two anchor or two primary cells, eachassociated to an UL carrier. If one of these two anchors contains abigger subset of channels, this cell may also be referred to as the mainanchor carrier and the other carrier may be referred to as the secondaryanchor carrier.

The methods described hereafter describe multi-carrier downlinkoperation for three carriers or four carriers. It is understood thatthese carrier may be in the same band or in different bands. Further, itis important to note that multi-carrier operation may apply to more thanfour carriers.

The network may configure a WTRU 410 with multiple carriers (e.g.,carrier-1 through carrier-n). For each carrier, there may be associatedfeedback messages (e.g., HARQ1-n and CQI1-n), respectively. Whendescribed hereafter, the carriers are labeled 1 to n. However, thelabeling of the carriers does not mean that the carriers are labeled inthe order of their frequency allocation. The cell/frequency may bemapped to carrier-1 to carrier-n according to any one or a combinationof the following: explicit configuration by the network where eachfrequency is explicitly indicated by the carrier number (e.g., carrier-1to carrier-n may be numbered according to the order provided by theconfiguration); carrier-1 to carrier-n may be numbered according tofrequency value (or channel number, e.g., using the UniversalTerrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number(UARFCN)) in increasing or decreasing order; the first carrier mayalways correspond to the anchor carrier; the first two carriers maycorrespond to two anchor carriers; the odd numbered carriers maycorrespond to anchor carriers when more than one anchor carrier isconfigured; or carriers may be configured according to frequency band.

The WTRU 410 may be configured to use dual and single carrier uplinkcontrol channels (e.g., HS-DPCCH). In one embodiment, the WTRU 410 isconfigured to provide feedback for additional DL carriers on additionaluplink control channels. For example, when a WTRU 410 is configured withdual-carrier operation in the UL, the WTRU 410 may be configured toprovide feedback on an UL physical control channel referred to asHS-DPCCH2 transmitted on the secondary uplink carrier. In an anotherexample, the WTRU 410 may be configured to provide feedback on an ULphysical control channel referred to as HS-DPCCH2, which may betransmitted on the same UL carrier as the conventional HS-DPCCH using adifferent channelization code and possibly different in-phase/quadrature(I/Q) branch. The HS-DPCCH format and channelization code and I/Q branchmapping as defined for HSDPA operations is referred to as HS-DPCCH1.

The WTRU 410 may be configured to transmit the additional uplink controlchannel(s) (e.g., HS-DPCCH2) using additional channelization codes andpossibly mapped to different I/Q branches. In one embodiment, HS-DPCCH1and HS-DPCCH2 are transmitted in the same UL carrier. This ensures thatmulti-carrier operation is functional regardless on the number of ULcarriers. The WTRU 410 may transmit the uplink control channels in asingle transmission time interval (TTI), or over consecutive TTIs.

In another alternative, the WTRU 410 may be configured such that anadditional UL scrambling code carries control channels, such asHS-DPCCH2.

The WTRU 410 transmits ACK/NACK and CQI feedback for the first twocarriers on HS-DPCCH1. However, when one or more additional carriers areconfigured, the WTRU 410 transmits ACK/NACK and CQI feedback for theadditional carriers on the additional uplink control channels (e.g.,HS-DPCCH2).

Each additional uplink control channel (e.g., HS-DPCCH2) providesACK/NACK and CQI feedback for one or two additional DL carriers. If morethan two additional carriers are present, the WTRU 410 may use anadditional channelization code or, optionally, another UL scramblingcode for HS-DPCCH3 and for additional uplink control channels. Accordingto this embodiment, the WTRU 410 may use x dual HS-DPCCH, where x isequivalent to the number of DL carriers divided by two (rounded up tothe next largest integer).

FIG. 6 shows a format and channel coding using at least one new physicalcontrol channel to provide feedback information for additional carriers.

The format and channel coding of HS-DPCCH2 (or HS-DPCCHx for n>4) maydepend on the number of outstanding additional carriers in the system.More specifically, if there is one additional carrier (i.e., total ofthree carriers or an odd number of carriers when n>4), then the WTRU 410reports a single ACK/NACK and CQI report on HS-DPCCH2 (or HS-DPCCHx).The HARQ acknowledgment message and the channel quality indication maybe coded using the current single carrier channel coding for HS-DPCCHwhen MIMO is not configured. If two additional carriers are configured(or an even number of carriers when n>4), then the WTRU 410 uses thechannel coding for HS-DPCCH when a secondary cell is present (i.e., theHS-DPCCH channel coding for current dual cell operation). Further, whenn>4, HS-DPCCH(x−1) may be configured with a dual cell channel coding.

The channelization code and I/Q branch for the HS-DPCCH2 may be designedto minimize the cubic metric.

In an alternative embodiment, the WTRU 410 is configured to operate inmore than one UL carrier. Accordingly HS-DPCCH1 and HS-DPCCH2 may betransmitted on different UL carriers. For example, HS-DPCCH1 may betransmitted on the anchor/primary UL carrier, and HS-DPCCH2 may betransmitted on the secondary carrier. In this example, the HS-DPCCHchannelization code and I/Q branch may be the same for both HS-DPCCHformats, but transmitted on different frequencies.

It is possible that a WTRU 410 may communicate using multiple carriersand then switch to communicating via a single carrier. If a secondary ULcarrier is disabled or deactivated and multi-carrier operationcontinues, the WTRU 410 may be configured to revert to providingfeedback as it may in single carrier operation. Accordingly, the WTRU410 may autonomously switch transmission of the HS-DPCCH2 on the anchorcarrier. This switch may be performed, for example, using an additionalchannelization code, on a different scrambling code, or using anothersingle carrier approach, for example, using a embodiments describedherein. Similarly, when the secondary UL carrier is enabled andactivated or re-activated, the WTRU 410 may resume transmission of theHS-DPCCH2 on an additional channelization code or, optionally, on adifferent scrambling code as defined on the anchor carrier. Optionally,multi-carrier operation may be configured and/or performed when the WTRU410 is transmitting over two carriers in the UL, in which case eachgroup of DL carriers may have an associated HS-DPCCH on the UL carrierpaired with the DL carrier belonging to that group. For example, for nDL carriers, the WTRU 410 may require x UL carriers to transmit the xHS-DPCCH associated with each pair of DL carriers.

The pair of carriers associated with each HS-DPCCH may be defined orpreconfigured by the network in any one or a combination of thefollowing: the network may explicitly configure the mapping of carriersto a HS-DPCCH using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling; the networkmay have a predetermined mapping for the carriers to a HS-DPCCH based onthe order of the DL frequencies provided in a configuration; carrier-1and carrier-2 may always correspond to the primary/anchor DL carrier andthe first adjacent frequency of the primary carrier while carrier-3 andcarrier-4 may correspond to the remaining supplementary frequencies ofthe WTRU 410 and be defined in order of the provided frequencies or theprovided configuration; carrier-1 and carrier-2 may correspond to theprimary anchor carrier and the supplementary carrier while carrier-3 andcarrier-4 may correspond to a secondary anchor carrier and the adjacentcarrier associated to that frequency; carrier-1 and carrier-2 maycorrespond to two DL anchor/primary cells, (if two DL anchor carriersare present as defined above), while carrier-3 and carrier-4 correspondto the supplementary carriers thereby allowing the network to disable asecondary carrier associated with each primary carrier; carrier-1 andcarrier-2 correspond to the anchor and secondary carrier associated tothe UL carrier in which the HS-DPCCH1 is being transmitted whilecarrier-3 and carrier-4 correspond to the anchor and secondary frequencyof the secondary UL carrier in which HS-DPCCH2 is being transmitted; theHS-DPCCH may be band dependent such that one HS-DPCCH is used per bandwhen the carriers are over different bands, (e.g., if two carriers areon each band, then the WTRU 410 uses one HS-DPCCH per band and if threecarriers are on one band, then the WTRU 410 uses three HS-DPCCHs), but,if two or less transmissions are detected, then the first HS-DPCCH maysend the report regardless of which carriers are transmitting, or aHS-DPCCH may be used to carry information of the primary cells, (i.e.,the cells associated with the UL carriers, if the UL carriers aretransmitted), thereby allowing the network to disable the secondarycarriers associated with each primary carrier. The examples describedare for the case of four DL carriers, (mapping to two HS-DPCCHs),however, it should be understood that the concepts described may alsoapply in general to three or more carriers.

The WTRU 410 may further be configured for flexible carrier to uplinkcontrol channel (e.g., HS-DPCCH) mapping. In a multi-carrier system theWTRU 410 may be configured to transmit a HARQ and CQI for each carrier.For example, in a four carrier system, the WTRU 410 may transmit up tofour HARQ feedbacks (i.e., HARQ1, HARQ2, HARQ3, HARQ4) and up to fourCQI feedbacks (i.e., CQI1, CQI2, CQI3, CQI4). The WTRU 410 may beconfigured to dynamically adjust the amount and type of feedback basedon the received DL transmissions. For example, the WTRU 410 may beconfigured to only transmit on certain uplink control channels in case acorresponding downlink transmission is received. When the WTRU 410transmits on the additional UL physical control channels, (i.e.,HSDP-CCH), the WTRU 410 is configured to determine an optimal orpreferred channelization code. The optimized or preferred channelizationcode may be signaled by the network, or determined by the WTRU 410based, for example, on minimizing a power ratio, power backoff, ormaximizing power headroom. Using a fixed carrier to HS-DPCCH mapping,the feedback for carriers i and j is carried on HS-DPCCHx, where themapping for carrier i, j and x is fixed. That is, for each HS-DPCCHcorresponds up to two downlink carriers.

Table 3 shows possible combinations of HARQ and CQI feedback in a fourcarrier system. Because HARQ and CQI feedback are not dependent, foreach HARQ feedback combination, one out of a possible sixteen CQIfeedback combinations is used. A ‘Y’ in Table 3 indicates that thefeedback is transmitted and a “N” in the Table 3 indicates that thefeedback is not transmitted.

TABLE 3 Comb. HARQ1 HARQ2 HARQ3 HARQ4 CQI1 CQI2 CQI3 CQI4 A N N N N N NN N Y N N N Y N N N N Y N N N Y N N N N Y N N N Y N N N N Y N N N Y Y YN N Y Y N N Y N Y N Y N Y N Y N N Y Y N N Y N Y Y N N Y Y N N Y N Y N YN Y N N Y Y N N Y Y B Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y NY Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Table 3 shows two different feedback combinations, combinations A andcombinations B. In the section labeled combinations A, the WTRU 410sends CQI and HARQ feedback for a maximum of two carrierssimultaneously. Accordingly, the WTRU 410 may send all feedback using asingle feedback channel (e.g., HS-DPCCH) provided that the feedbackchannel has a flexible carrier/HS-DPCCH mapping. A flexiblecarrier/HS-DPCCH mapping HARQ feedback is provided for any two carriers(i, j) and CQI feedback is provided for any two carriers (m, n) wherethe carriers (i, j, m, n) need not be the same. The mapping associatescarriers i, j (for HARQ), and m, n (for CQI) to an HS-DPCCH x.

In the section labeled Combinations B, the WTRU 410 sends HARQ or CQIfeedback for three carriers simultaneously. The sending of HARQ or CQIfeedback for three carriers requires that the WTRU 410 use two feedbackchannels (e.g., two HS-DPCCHs).

To provide the network with an indication of which carriers are sendingfeedback, the WTRU 410 may signal which one of the possible combinationsis being included in the HS-DPCCH. For example, in the case where twocarriers are active, it may be (11)(11)=121 possible combinations. Thesignaling of the indication may require at least seven bits. In oneembodiment, the WTRU 410 uses a HS-DPCCH channelization code number,where the channelization code number is selected from a set that hasbeen optimized for cubic metric performance, to signal the index ofcarriers sending feedback. In another embodiment, the index of carrierssending feedback is sent inband along with the CQI and HARQ feedback.This is performed by either expanding the codeword set of the HARQfeedback or reducing the coding of the CQI feedback.

Alternatively, the network may blind detect the carriers andchannelization code and I/Q branches providing the CQI and HARQfeedback. For the CQI feedback, the network may make use of theconfigured CQI feedback cycle and repetition factor to determine thecarrier associated to the received feedback. For the HARQ feedback, thenetwork may use knowledge of transmitted downlink and the strict timingrequirements for the HARQ feedback, to determine the carrier associatedwith the received feedback.

In an alternative embodiment, a single uplink control channel (e.g.,HS-DPCCH) channelization code may be used to carry feedback informationin a multi-carrier system. The channel coding for the HARQ and CQIfeedback is described in greater detail hereafter.

With respect to the HARQ feedback, more particularly the channel codingfor HARQ ACK/NACK, two different channel coding implementations may bedefined for three or four carrier operation. Alternatively, one channelcoding implementation is defined for four carrier operation and may alsobe used for three carrier operation. Because there may be three or fourcarriers, there may be four transmissions during one TTI and possibly upto eight transport blocks in the case where dual-stream MIMO operationsis configured for each carrier. As a result, there are a large number ofdifferent possible feedback combinations, including PRE/POST signaling.In the case of four carriers, this may require many bit (e.g., 7, 8, ormore) bits to transmit all the different possible feedback combinations.

In one embodiment, the HARQ feedback may be transmitted using a newHS-DPCCH frame format that carries ACK/NACK feedback without carryingany CQI feedback. This embodiment allows the WTRU 410 to use a fullsub-frame (i.e., the space used for CQI feedback to carry the ACK/NACKinformation bits for all three or four carriers. An example of theresulting frame format is illustrated in FIG. 7, where two HARQ-ACKfields (e.g., HARQ1 and HARQ2) are time-multiplexed in a single newHS-DPCCH frame format.

Alternatively, the CQI feedback is multiplexed in the same HS-DPCCH codeas the HARQ feedback. To achieve this, the WTRU 410 may be configured toadjust a spreading factor (SF). For example, the WTRU 410 may lower thespreading factor making more symbols are made available on the HS-DPCCH,thereby essentially creating a new HS-DPCCH format. In one example ofthis embodiment, the WTRU 410 may be configured to generate an HS-DPCCHwith a frame format using a spreading factor of 128 instead of theconventional spreading factor of 256. Using the same frame structure ofthree radio slots, this may allow for twice as many control informationsymbols to be available for transmission on this new SF-reduced HS-DPCCH(e.g., 60 symbols as opposed to 30 symbols). Accordingly, twoconventional HARQ-ACK fields and two conventional CQI fields may bemultiplexed into the new structure.

FIG. 8 shows an example time slotted structure of two consecutivesub-frames of a HS-DPCCH. As shown in FIG. 8, a 2 ms sub-frame is splitinto four time slots. It can be seen in this example that the HARQ-ACKfield of the HS-DPCCH1 and HS-DPCCH2 may be multiplexed in the firsttime slot of the new HS-DPCCH whereas the CQI field of the HS-DPCCH1 andHS-DPCCH2 may be multiplexed in the second and third time slot of thenew HS-DPCCH frame format. In one option, the conventional encoding ofthe HARQ-ACK and CQI fields may be used.

FIG. 9 illustrates another example of possible HS-DPCCH frame structurewith a spreading factor of 128. In this example HS-DPCCH1 is multiplexedwith HS-DPCCH2 sequentially.

Other time-multiplexing structures may also be considered withoutchanging the basic concept described in this document.

With respect to the CQI feedback, because the WTRU 410 may be configuredto receive from up to three or more DL carriers, the WTRU 410 may haveto transmit CQI feedback for all of the configured DL carriers.

FIG. 10 shows a composite CQI feedback report made from four individualCQI reports that are represented by CQI1, CQI2, CQI3, and CQI4, whenthere are four configured DL carriers. Although each CQI feedback reportin FIG. 10 is shown to carry five bits, any number of bits may be usedin the CQI feedback report. Further, different numbers of bits may beused for each CQI feedback report.

Alternatively, the composite CQI feedback report made from fourindividual CQI reports may be transmitted in one HS-DPCCH with the HARQfeedback. However, this may require that additional information bits besent over the HS-DPCCH. These additional information bits may require achange in the spreading factor or other similar signaling changes.

In one embodiment, the CQI feedback report is multiplexed with the HARQfeedback but not all of the CQI reports are concatenated and transmittedtogether. If the WTRU 410 is unable to send three or four CQI reports inone TTI, then the WTRU 410 may use time multiplexing of different CQIreports. Alternatively, as discussed herein, the WTRU 410 may beconfigured to reduce the spreading factor further. In some cases, theWTRU 410 may need to adjust the power of transmission to account for thelower spreading factor.

For example, the WTRU 410 may send CQI reports for one carrier at a timein different sub-frames. More particularly, a sub-frame number may bereserved for a certain CQI report such that the WTRU 410 may send CQI1in the first sub-frame of a frame, CQI2 on the second sub-frame, and soon.

In an alternative embodiment, two CQI reports may be concatenated into acomposite CQI report to be sent over the HS-DPCCH in a TTI. The WTRU 410may alternate, in time, the sending of a pair of CQI reports. Forexample, the WTRU 410 may send the concatenated CQI1 and CQI2 in oddsub-frames and CQI3 and CQI4 in even sub-frames. In case CQI repetitionis configured (i.e., N_cqi_transmit>1), the WTRU 410 may transmit allrepetition of the concatenated CQI1 and CQI2 first and then allrepetitions of the concatenated CQI3 and CQI4 next. Alternatively, theWTRU 410 may transmit the concatenated CQI1 and CQI2 in time alternationwith concatenated CQI3 and CQI4 until all repetitions are transmitted.This embodiment may be extended to various grouping and timemultiplexing configurations.

The WTRU 410 may further be configured to reduce CQI feedback usingmultiplexing. In one embodiment, the transmission of HARQ feedback bythe WTRU 410 for multiple carriers is combined with a reduction of thereporting frequency of CQI feedback for each carrier. This may preventexcessive peak UL power requirements due to feedback when multiple DLcarriers are configured.

The reduction of CQI feedback overhead may be leveraged in severalpossible ways. For example, the reduction of CQI overhead may allow forthe time-multiplexing of feedback information over two consecutivesub-frames when a single UL carrier is used.

FIG. 11 shows the time slot structure of two consecutive sub-frames of aHS-DPCCH. In one embodiment, the HARQ feedback information or the CQIfeedback information or both types of feedback may be jointly encodedover two consecutive sub-frames. Table 4 shows HARQ feedback that isjointly encoded and is related to a set of two past consecutivesub-frames.

TABLE 4 Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Sub-frame n ACK/NAK ACK/NAK ACK/NAKSlot 1 carriers 1&2 carriers 1&2 carriers 1&2 Sub-frame n-x Sub-framen-x Sub-frame n-x Sub-frame n ACK/NAK ACK/NAK ACK/NAK Slot 2 carriers3&4 carriers 3&4 carriers 3&4 Sub-frame n-x Sub-frame n-x Sub-frame n-xSub-frame n CQI part 1 CQI part 1 ACK/NAK Slot 3 carrier carrierscarriers 1&2 (n div 2) mod 2[(n mod 4) div 2] + Sub-frame 4 + 1 1 &n-x + 1 2[(n mod 4) div 2] + 2 Sub-frame n + 1 ACK/NAK ACK/NAK ACK/NAKSlot 1 carriers 1&2 carriers 1&2 carriers 3&4 Sub-frame n- Sub-framen-x + 1 Sub-frame x + 1 n-x + 1 Sub-frame n + 1 ACK/NAK ACK/NAK CQI part1 Slot 2 carriers 3&4 carriers 3&4 carriers Sub-frame n- Sub-frame n-x +1 2[(n mod 4) div x + 1 2] + 1 & 2[(n mod 4) div 2] + 2 Sub-frame n + 1CQI part 2 CQI part 2 CQI part 2 Slot 3 carrier carriers carriers (n div2) mod 2[(n mod 4) div 2] + 2[n mod 4) div 4 + 1 1& 2] + 1 & 2[(n mod 4)div 2] + 2[(n mod 4) div 2 2] + 2 CQI encoding As in single As indual-carrier As in dual- carrier case case carrier case

As shown in Table 4, there are different options for joint encodingfeedback over consecutive sub-frames. In Option 1 and Option 2, the twofirst slots of each sub-frame are utilized to provide HARQ feedback forup to four downlink carriers. The encoding of HARQ feedback informationin each slot may be the same encoding used for the dual-carrier case.When there are only three carriers, it is possible to encode one of theslots for a single carrier. The third slot of each sub-frame may be usedto encode CQI information. Because CQI information normally requires twoslots, half of the bits are transmitted in the first sub-frame and theother half in the second sub-frame.

Depending on whether the CQI for one carrier (Option 1) or two carriers(Option 2) is transmitted in each pair of sub-frames, the CQI encodingis performed based on the single-carrier or dual-carrier mechanism,respectively. If it is not possible to report the CQI for all fourcarriers over a pair of sub-frames, then the WTRU 410 may be configuredto report the CQI for each carrier once every four pairs of sub-frames(Option 1) or once every two pairs of sub-frames (Option 2). In casethere are only three carriers, a similar method may be used except theWTRU 410 may be configured to report each carriers CQI every three pairsof sub-frames (Option 1) or in every two out of three pairs ofsub-frames (Option 2). Option 3 is similar to Option 2, except that theinformation is spread differently over the six slots.

Second, the reduction of CQI overhead may allow for the multiplexing offeedback information over two carriers when a dual UL carrier is used.

When multiple UL carriers are available, the WTRU 410 may be configuredto transmit feedback over each of the UL carriers. However, when the ULtransmission power is limited, it remains important to reduce themaximum amount of power that needs to be transmitted in total on all ofthe carriers during a time slot. Table 6 shows options for reducing thepeak power requirement of High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel(HS-PDSCH) feedback where two uplink carriers are available and up tofour carriers are used in the downlink.

TABLE 5 Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 sub-frame n ACK/NAK ACK/NAKACK/NAK ACK/NAK UL carrier-1 carriers 1&2 carrier-1 carriers 1&2carrier-1 Slot 1 sub-frame n-x sub-frame n-x sub-frame n-x sub-frame n-xsub-frame n ACK/NAK ACK/NAK ACK/NAK ACK/NAK UL carrier-1 carriers 3&4carrier-2 carriers 3&4 carrier-2 Slot 2 Sub-frame n-x sub-frame n-xSub-frame n-x sub-frame n-x sub-frame n CQI part 1 CQI part 1 CQI part 1CQI part 1 UL carrier-2 carrier carrier carriers carriers Slot 3 n mod4 + 1 n mod 4 + 1 2[(n mod 2)] + 1 2[(n mod 2)] + 1 & & 2[(n mod 2)] + 22[(n mod 2)] + 2 sub-frame n No ACK/NAK No ACK/NAK UL carrier-2transmission carrier-3 transmission carrier-3 Slot 1 sub-frame n-xsub-frame n-x sub-frame n No ACK/NAK No ACK/NAK UL carrier-2transmission carrier-4 transmission carrier-4 Slot 2 sub-frame n-xsub-frame n-x sub-frame n CQI part 2 CQI part 2 CQI part 1 CQI part 1 ULcarrier-2 carrier carrier carriers carriers slot 3 n mod 4 + 1 n mod 4 +1 2[(n mod 2)] + 1 2[(n mod 2)] + 1 & & 2[(n mod 2)] + 2 2[(n mod 2)] +2 CQI As in single As in single As in dual- As in dual- encoding carriercase carrier case carrier case carrier case ACK/NAK As in dual- As insingle As in dual- As in single encoding carrier case carrier casecarrier case carrier case

In all four options shown in Table 5, the third slot of the sub-frame isavailable to CQI reporting on each uplink carrier. In Option 1 andOption 2, the CQI for one downlink carrier may be reported in eachsub-frame. The CQI is encoded in the same way as the single (DL) carriercase, except that the two slots are on two different UL carriers. InOption 3 and Option 4, the CQI for two downlink carriers may be reportedin each sub-frame. The CQI is encoded in the same way as thedual-carrier case, except that the two slots are on two different ULcarriers. In Option 1 and Option 3 the HARQ feedback is reported for twodownlink carriers in each slot, but on one UL carrier using the sameencoding as has been defined for the dual-DL carrier case. In Option 2and Option 4, the HARQ feedback is also reported for two downlinkcarriers in each slot, but on both UL carriers using the normal HARQfeedback encoding used for the single-DL carrier case.

The WTRU 410 may further be configured to reduce CQI feedback usingautonomous transmission. When a WTRU 410 is configured with more than NDL carriers (e.g., N>2), the network may configure the WTRU 410 toautonomously determine when to transmit the CQI for each of thesecarriers. Because the value of a CQI for a WTRU 410 may be relativelyconstant over a short period of time, the network may receive little orno additional information from the repeated CQI values. Accordingly, theWTRU 410 may be configured to determine a feedback cycle and repetitionfactor. Alternatively, the network may signal the feedback cycle andrepetition factor.

The WTRU 410 may monitor the quality of all carriers and transmit afresh CQI if the quality of one of the carriers changes by more than apredetermined threshold value or predetermined delta. The quality may bebased on a measured Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Energy per Chip/powerdensity in the band (EcNo), CPICH Received Signal Code Power (RSCP), ora calculated CQI. The delta and quality metric may be preconfigured bythe network, signaled through system information, or provided with theHS-DSCH configuration information. Alternatively, these parameters maybe constant across all carriers or specific to each carrier.

If the WTRU 410 determines that during a sub-frame more than one carrierrequires a CQI update, the WTRU 410 may decide to perform any one or acombination of the following. The WTRU 410 may transmit the CQI for thecarrier experiencing the biggest change in quality (e.g., CPICH EcNo,CPICH RSCP, or the calculated CQI). The WTRU 410 may transmit the CQIfor the carrier which may suffer the most from using an outdated CQI(e.g., in a case where carrier-1 supports a larger transport block thanwas reported in its last CQI transmission while carrier-2 supports asmaller transport block than was reported in its last CQI transmission,the WTRU 410 may decide to send CQI for carrier-2, even if the qualitymeasure for this carrier changed less than for carrier-1 andtransmissions on carrier-1 may still continue but at a rate lower thanwhat is supported by the WTRU 410). The WTRU 410 may base its decisionon the type of traffic it is receiving (e.g., if the WTRU 410 isreceiving DL traffic, then the WTRU 410 may prioritize Dedicated ControlChannel (DCCH) over Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH)). Or the WTRU 410may transmit more than one CQI in a single HS-DPCCH.

As the CQI transmissions are autonomous, the network no longer knows thelink between the reported CQI and the carrier associated with thereported CQI. To establish the link between the reported CQI andcarrier, the WTRU 410 may include the carrier index information withinthe uplink control channel feedback (e.g., HS-DPCCH). For example, theWTRU 410 may transmit a two-bit carrier index along with the reportedCQI. The reported CQI may be reduced to accommodate the additionalinformation. Alternatively, the coding on the CQI may be reduced toaccommodate the additional information. Further, in sub-frames where noHARQ feedback is required, the WTRU 410 may use the HARQ-ACK field toindicate the carrier index, for example by using one of four reservedcodewords, each one associated to a specific carrier index.

In this embodiment, the WTRU 410 may be configured to repeat the CQI. Ifthe WTRU 410 is required to transmit a new CQI (for a different carrier)at the same time that it may be required to transmit a repeat of an oldCQI, the WTRU 410 may define and apply rules to prioritize onetransmission over the other. For example, according to one rule the WTRU410 may be configured to prioritize the new CQI such that it istransmitted over other CQI (absolute priority of new CQIs). In anotherrule, the WTRU 410 may be configured to transmit the new CQI only if apredetermined minimum time interval between the first instance of therepeated CQI and transmission of the new CQI, (possibly from a differentcarrier), has elapsed. As the CQI are transmitted autonomously by theWTRU 410, the interval between repeated transmissions may be left to theWTRU 410, with each transmission requiring an indication of the carrier.Alternatively, the transmission interval may be preconfigured, providedin system information, or transmitted with HS-DSCH information.

The WTRU 410 may further be configured to reduce CQI feedback throughmultiplexing and autonomous transmission. In this embodiment, the WTRU410 may be configured to use the time multiplexing of the feedback overtwo consecutive sub-frames. The embodiments described hereafter are doneso in reference to Option 1 as an example, however, embodiments may begeneralized to cover Option 2 and Option 3 as well. The WTRU 410 maysend the HARQ feedback for the four carriers in the first two slots ofevery sub-frame, and send the CQI feedback spread over every twoconsecutive sub-frames, (e.g., in the third slot of each of thesesub-frames). The CQI transmitted over these two sub-frames may be theCQI for a single carrier, which the WTRU 410 has determinesautonomously. The carrier indication is provided to the network throughthe use of reserved codewords for the four slots carrying the HARQfeedback. Each of the slots carries HARQ feedback for two DL carriers. Aspecial or unique set of codewords may be used in slot K (K=1,2,3,4) ifthe WTRU 410 is transmitting CQI for carrier K. The network blindlydetects the usage of the special set of codewords in one of the slot anduses the slot index to determine the carrier for which the CQI belongs.

In an alternate embodiment, multiple uplink control channel codes areused to transmit feedback separately (e.g., two HS-DPCCH codes for HARQfeedback and CQI feedback). Two HS-DPCCH formats are defined to carryCQI feedback and HARQ feedback over two HS-DPCCHs. For example, oneHS-DPCCH transmits the HARQ-ACK field for all four carrier or threecarriers using the full sub-frame to carry the information. The HARQfeedback may be jointly coded or separately coded.

Alternatively, separate jointly coded HARQ feedback may be sent onHS-DPCCH1. For example, HARQ1 field contains the HARQ feedback forcarrier-1 and carrier-2, which are jointly coded. HARQ2 field containsthe HARQ feedback for carrier-3 and carrier4 which are jointly coded. Inthe case of three carriers, the HARQ1 may be jointly coded for carrier-1and carrier-2 and HARQ2 may separately contain the HARQ feedback ofcarrier-3. For the case where the number of carriers N>4, the WTRU 410may contain x HARQ fields which are jointly coded in pairs, where x isequal to the integer number of N/2 rounded up.

FIG. 12 shows an example embodiment where three CQI reports areconcatenated together. The second HS-DPCCH code is used to send the CQIreports of up to four carriers in one full sub-frame. The CQI compositeis constructed by concatenating CQI1, CQI2, CQI3, and CQI4 together.

The channelization code and I/Q branch for the second HS-DPCCH may bedesigned to minimize the cubic metric. The first HS-DPCCH channelizationcode and branch maybe one in use for HS-DPCCH.

The HS-DPCCH1 and HS-DPCCH2 may be transmitted in the same UL carrier.This may ensure that multi-carrier operation may be functionalregardless of the number of UL carriers. Alternatively, the HS-DPCCH1and HS-DPCCH2 may be transmitted in different UL carriers, if the WTRU410 is configured to operate in more than one UL carrier.

FIG. 13 shows an example embodiment where the HS-DPCCH1 is transmittedon the serving/primary UL carrier and HS-DPCCH2 is transmitted on thesecondary carrier. In this case the HS-DPCCH channelization code and I/Qbranch may be the same for both HS-DPCCH formats, but transmitted ondifferent frequencies. In the case where the secondary UL carrier isdisabled and multi-carrier DL operation continues, the WTRU 410 maystart transmitting HS-DPCCH2 on an additional channelization codedefined on the anchor carrier. When the WTRU 410 activates (orre-activates) the secondary uplink carrier, it may transmit HS-DPCCH2 onthe secondary uplink carrier as described herein. The WTRU 410 transmitsthe additional HS-DPCCH or set of control channels using theconventional channelization code and I/Q branch but using a specific anddifferent scrambling code.

In an alternate embodiment, the WTRU 410 may use a second UL scramblingcode for sending feedback information for the different downlinkcarriers. The network configures the WTRU 410 with a differentscrambling code for each additional physical uplink control channel(e.g., HS-DPCCH) or set of control channels needed.

The format of the control information sent using the second scramblingcode, may be similar to that defined for dual-cell operation that allowstransmission of two cell HARQ feedback and two cell CQI reporting.Alternatively, the format may be according to any of the embodimentsdescribed herein.

The feedback channel may be configured by the network or implicit basedon the DL configuration.

When the WTRU 410 is configured with three or four downlink carrierswithout MIMO and has one UL carrier a control channel for dual-carrieroperations (e.g., the HS-DPCCH for DC-HSDPA) may provide feedback fortwo of the three or four carriers. An additional control channel (e.g.,an additional HS-DPCCH) may (using another channelization code, branchpair and/or using another scrambling code) report for the remainingcarriers. In case three DL carriers are configured, a legacy controlchannel (e.g., the legacy HS-DPCCH) may be used to report the feedbackfor the remaining channel. In case four DL carriers are configured, acontrol channel for dual-carrier operations (e.g., the HS-DPCCH forDC-HSDPA) may be used to provide feedback for the remaining twocarriers. The mapping between UL carrier and DL carrier may be implicitor signaled by the network. Each control channel (e.g., HS-DPCCH) may beconfigured with a different transmit power offset.

When the WTRU 410 is configured with three or four downlink carrierswithout MIMO and has two UL carriers, the HS-DPCCH for DC-HSDPA on theUL anchor carrier provides feedback for two of the three or fourcarriers. An additional control channel (e.g., an additional HS-DPCCH)is used on the UL secondary carrier to report for the remainingcarriers. In case three DL carriers are configured, a legacy controlchannel (e.g., HS-DPCCH) may be used to report the feedback for theremaining channel. For example, in case four DL carriers are configured,a control channel used for dual-carrier communication (e.g., HS-DPCCHfor DC-HSDPA) may be used to provide feedback for the remaining twocarriers. The mapping between UL carriers and DL carriers may beimplicit or signaled by the network. Each control channel (e.g.,HS-DPCCH) may be configured with a different transmit power offset.

When the WTRU 410 is configured with two downlink carriers with MIMO andtwo UL carriers a high-speed control channel (e.g., HS-DPCCH for MIMOoperations) on the UL anchor carrier may provide feedback for thedownlink anchor carrier. A high-speed control channel for the secondaryUL carrier (e.g., HS-DPCCH for MIMO operations on the UL secondarycarrier) may be used for providing feedback for the downlink secondarycarrier. Each HS-DPCCH may be configured with a different transmit poweroffset.

In another embodiment, methods of optimizing the HARQ acknowledgementcodebook for feedback control in the context of simultaneous multiplecarrier high-speed downlink operations are disclosed as follows.

For each HARQ transmission pertaining to a HS-DSCH per transmission timeinterval (TTI), the WTRU 410 receiver may exhibit the following states.If the receiver (or equivalently the WTRU 410) correctly receives boththe HS-SCCH and the data packet associated with the HS-PDSCH, it maysend an ACK. If the receiver correctly receives the control informationfrom the HS-SCCH, but detects an error in the data packet, it may send aNACK. If the receiver fails to detect an HS-SCCH at present TTI thatmatches the identity (ID) assigned for a current WTRU 410, it maydeclare a DTX. For a DTX state, the following scenarios may occur: theNode-B 420 did not send any data at current TTI to this WTRU 410, or theWTRU 410 receiver fails to decode the HS-SCCH that is indeed addressedto this WTRU 410.

As for LTE, similarly to High-speed Packet Access (HSPA), for each HARQtransmission pertaining to a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)per transmission time interval (TI), the WTRU 410 receiver 417 mayexhibit the following states. If the receiver (or equivalently the WTRU410) correctly receives both the Physical Downlink Control Channel(PDCCH) and the data packet associated with the PDCCH, it may generatean ACK. If the receiver 417 correctly receives the control informationfrom the PDCCH, but detects an error in the data packet, it may generatea NACK. If no PDCCH control signaling intended for the WTRU 410 isdetected at a present TTI, then the associated control information isnot transmitted on the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) (i.e.,DTX). By not occupying PUCCH resources when no valid PDSCH-relatedcontrol signaling is detected, the eNode-B 420 is able to conductthree-state detection: ACK, NACK, or DTX. In case the WTRU 410 has avalid uplink scheduling grant in the current TTI, the HARQacknowledgements are time-multiplexed with data and transmitted on thePhysical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) rather than the PUCCH.

When multi-carrier downlink operation is configured, the compositeacknowledgement message is represented by the HARQ-ACK states formed bya letter of either A, N, or D separated by a divider ‘/’ to indicate theHARQ status of that carrier, where ‘A’ means ‘ACK’, ‘N’ means ‘NACK’ and‘D’ means ‘no transmission’ (i.e., DTX). If MIMO is configured, thenthere may be two letters between the dividers for the dual-streamtransmission incurring in that carrier. For example, A/NA/D carries theHARQ acknowledgement message for three carriers with the second carrierbeing configured with MIMO. It should be noted that the carriers may betreated equally and identified by their position in the message. Forexample, they are not distinguished by any means of the “primary”, or“secondary”, or “supplementary” carriers.

Because of transmissions over multiple carriers (e.g., three or fourcarriers) at the same TTI, in addition to potentially dual streamoperation at each carrier that may result from the MIMO configuration,the number of total data streams may increase. The number of total datastreams may lead to a large set of feedback combinations in a HARQ-ACKstates codebook. For example, in networks using three or more carriers,the number of states may increase to eight (e.g., for HSPA) or more(e.g., in LTE/LTE-Advanced), which may lead to a large set of differentfeedback combinations of the HARQ-ACK states in the codebook. Carrieraggregation, where two or more component carriers are aggregated, may beimplemented LTE-Advanced to support wider transmission bandwidths,(e.g., up to 100 MHz.). LTE-Advanced may support for more than fivedownlink component carriers. Accordingly, multiple ACK/NACKscorresponding to the downlink component carrier transport blocks may betransmitted in the uplink. For example, assuming a MIMO spatialmultiplexing configuration with two transport blocks per componentcarrier, the total number of ACK/NACKs to be transmitted in the uplinkmay be ten.

To reduce the size of the HARQ-ACK codebook table while minimizing theimpact on the downlink transmission performance, the WTRU 410 may beconfigured with a state reduction device. FIG. 14 shows a statereduction function that may be implemented in the WTRU 410. The statereduction function may map actual HARQ-ACK states to reported HARQ-ACKstates of a smaller set. As result of the state reduction function, thenumber of codewords in the channel coding is smaller, which may allowfor better coding efficiency. The state reduction function may bepreconfigured, signaled by the network, or dynamically determined basedon conditions by the WTRU 410.

The state reduction function may be implemented according to one or anyof combinations of the following embodiments.

In one embodiment, the WTRU 410 may be configured to perform a groupedDTX report method. The WTRU 410 groups a set of carriers or datastreams. If the WTRU 410 detects DTX from any of the carriers or datastreams, DTX is declared on all the other carriers or data streamsregardless the HARQ-ACK states over other carriers or data streams inthe group. Optionally, if the WTRU 410 detects a specified number of DTXstates from any of the carriers, or data streams, the WTRU 410 declaresDTX on all the other carriers or data streams regardless the HARQ-ACKstates over other carriers or data streams in the group. This embodimentmay be referred to as a grouped DTX report method.

In another embodiment, the WTRU 410 may be configured to perform anetwork signaling method. The WTRU 410 may be configured to performstate reduction conditional on signaling received from the network. TheWTRU 410 may map HARQ acknowledgment states to other states differentlydepending on the signaling received from network, for example, on aper-TI basis. Examples of such signaling may be indication of number oftransport blocks being transmitted at a current TTI or for a group ofTTIs.

In another embodiment, the Node-B 420 may be configured to perform arestricted transmission method. A set of carriers may be grouped and “nodata transmission” at the Node-B 420 transmitter 427 is allowedsimultaneously on all carriers within the set on a per-TTI basis, orgroup of TTIs. Within a set, rules are set to restrict the transmissionstate combinations across the carriers in the set. In particular,combinations of all transmission, or all no-transmission are allowed.The combinations of no-transmission only on partial carriers are notallowed. For example, in the case of four carriers, (e.g., C1, C2, C3,C4), the carriers may be grouped into sets wherein Set 1 includes C1/C2,and Set 2 includes C3/C4. The Node-B 420 may be configured with rulesfor each set, such that carriers C1 and C2 may be each set fortransmission or each set for no-transmission. Accordingly, the signalingmay be reduced because if carrier C1 is set for transmission it impliesthat carrier C2 is set for transmission, and vice versa. It should beunderstood that while the example is for four carriers and two groups,any number of carriers with any number of members in each group may beused. One alternative is that even if there is no data to transmit inone carrier, HS-SCCH is still sent if other carriers in the set aretransmitting. Accordingly, the number of the possible HARQ-ACK states totransmit may be effectively reduced. This method may be referred to as arestricted transmission from a Node-B 420 method.

In another embodiment, the WTRU 410 may also be configured to provide agrouped NACK report. A set of carriers or data streams, is grouped, andif a NACK is detected (or a specified number of NACKs are detected) fromany of the carriers, or data streams, then a NACK is declared on all theother carriers or data streams, regardless the HARQ-ACK states overother carriers or data streams in the group. Alternatively, if a NACK isdetected from any of the carriers, or data streams, a NACK is declaredon all the other carriers or data streams that have ACK state detected.

In another embodiment, the WTRU 410 may be configured to provide aconditional DTX report converted from a NACK Depending on the states ofthe other carriers, if a NACK is detected on a carrier or data stream,then it is converted to DTX for reporting. The conditions for theconversion may be one or in any combination of the following: if thenumber of DTX states among all the carriers or data streams, is greaterthan a specified value; if the number of NACK states among all thecarriers or data streams, is greater than a specified value; and/or ifthe number of ACK states among all the carriers or data streams, issmaller than a specified or configured value. Setting the conditionsidentifies states that have a small probability of occurrence tominimize the impact on downlink performance due to reduction of thestates.

In another embodiment, the WTRU 410 may be configured to provide aconditional NACK report converted from ACK Depending on the states ofthe other carriers, if an ACK is detected on a carrier or data stream,it is converted to a NACK for reporting. The conditions for theconversion may be one or in any combination of the following: if thenumber of DTX states among all the carriers or data streams, is greaterthan a specified value; if the number of NACK states among all thecarriers or data streams, is greater than a specified value; and/or ifthe number of ACK states among all the carriers, or streams, is smallerthan a specified value.

It should be noted that the methodologies are generally applicable toany number of carriers with any form of MIMO combinations, which maycreate a vast number of unlisted designs of optimized codebooks for theHARQ acknowledgement.

Table 6 shows the possible combinations of the HARQ-ACK states for fourcarriers without MIMO configured. Simultaneous transmission over fourcarriers may result in a total number of HARQ-ACK states in the codebookequal to 34−1=80, as listed in Table 6.

TABLE 6 D/D/D/A D/A/N/D A/D/D/N A/A/N/A N/D/A/D N/A/N/N D/D/D/N D/A/N/AA/D/A/D A/A/N/N N/D/A/A N/N/D/D D/D/A/D D/A/N/N A/D/A/A A/N/D/D N/D/A/NN/N/D/A D/D/A/A D/N/D/D A/D/A/N A/N/D/A N/D/N/D N/N/D/N D/D/A/N D/N/D/AA/D/N/D A/N/D/N N/D/N/A N/N/A/D D/D/N/D D/N/D/N A/D/N/A A/N/A/D N/D/N/NN/N/A/A D/D/N/A D/N/A/D A/D/N/N A/N/A/A N/A/D/D N/N/A/N D/D/N/N D/N/A/AA/A/D/D A/N/A/N N/A/D/A N/N/N/D D/A/D/D D/N/A/N A/A/D/A A/N/N/D N/A/D/NN/N/N/A D/A/D/A D/N/N/D A/A/D/N A/N/N/A N/A/A/D N/N/N/N D/A/D/N D/N/N/AA/A/A/D A/N/N/N N/A/A/A D/A/A/D D/N/N/N A/A/A/A N/D/D/D N/A/A/N D/A/A/AA/D/D/D A/A/A/N N/D/D/A N/A/N/D D/A/A/N A/D/D/A A/A/N/D N/D/D/N N/A/N/A

The following example applies grouped DTX and report state reductionconditional on signaling received from the network method jointly in theeffort of optimizing the codebook for four carriers. The four carriers,denoted by C1, C2, C3, C4, are grouped into two pairs: (C1/C2) and(C3/C4). There is no preference to the order of the carriers. It may beany other combination as long as the sets are formed pairwise. Secondly,it may be assumed that a network may be configured to transmit one ormore bits to a WTRU 410 for each pair of the carriers, indicatingwhether the data transmission is performed on both of the carriers or ona single carrier in a pair. The reduction mapping is conducted on eachpair of the carriers as follows. If there is any DTX in a pair andnetwork signaling indicates a dual-carrier transmission over the pair,then report DTX on both of the carriers. For example, (D/A)/(A/N) maybecome (D/D)/(A/N), which may be simplified as (D)/(A/N). If there isany DTX in a pair and network signaling indicates a single carriertransmission over the pair, repeat the true state from the othercarrier. For example, (D/A)/(A/N) may become (A/A)/(A/N). Both sides mayknow the single carrier transmission. Otherwise, the states remainunmodified.

Because one HS-SCCH may be shared by the dual data streams in the MIMOmode, a MIMO configured WTRU 410 may imply the use of a similarreduction mechanism on its HARQ-ACK codebook design. Therefore, it maybe deduced that the downlink performance loss introduced by the aboveapproach may be within the range similar to a MIMO configured systems.

Table 7 shows a conditional mapping for a single pair, where Dual TXmeans the condition that the network signaling indicates dual-carriertransmission, and Single TX means the condition that the datatransmission is performed on one carrier in the pair.

TABLE 7 Reported states Original Dual Single states TX TX (D/D) (D/D)(D/D) (D/A) (D/D) (A/A) (D/N) (D/D) (N/N) (A/D) (D/D) (A/A) (A/A) (A/A)(A/A) (A/N) (A/N) (A/N) (N/A) (D/D) (N/N) (N/A) (N/A) (N/A)

A composite reported HARQ-ACK state for all carriers is obtained byapplying the mapping individually to each of the pairs according toTable 6 and then concatenating. As result of the optimization, thecodebook size is reduced from 80 to 24, since there are only 24outstanding states remaining as shown in Table 8.

TABLE 8 (A/A)/(A/A) (A/N)/(A/N) (D/D)/(N/A) (N/A)/(N/N) (A/A)/(A/N)(A/N)/(D/D) (D/D)/(N/N) (N/N)/(A/A) (A/A)/(D/D) (A/N)/(N/A) (N/A)/(A/A)(N/N)/(A/N) (A/A)/(N/A) (A/N)/(N/N) (N/A)/(A/N) (N/N)/(D/D) (A/A)/(N/N)(D/D)/(A/A) (N/A)/(D/D) (N/N)/(N/A) (A/N)/(A/A) (D/D)/(A/N) (N/A)/(N/A)(N/N)/(N/N)

The mapping relations may be modified by adding states as shown in theTable 9. Table 9 shows a mapping table for a single pair for reuse of anexisting codebook.

TABLE 9 Reported states Original Dual Single states TX TX (D/D) (D/D) D(D/A) (D/D) (A/A) (D/N) (D/D) N (A/D) (D/D) A (A/A) (A/A) (A/A) (A/N)(A/N) (A/N) (N/D) (D/D) N (N/A) (N/A) (N/A) (N/N) (N/N) (N/N)

Hence, the resulted codebook states reported to Node-B 420 may beobtained in Table 10. Table 10 shows reported HARQ-ACK states that mayuse the binary coding scheme specified in Table 2, which may be used toencode the states given in Table 10 to generate the ten bit HARQ-ACKmessage carried by HS-SCCH.

TABLE 10 (A/N)/(A/N) (A)/(A) (A/A)/(A/A) (D)/(N) (N)/(N/A) (N/A)/(N/N)(A/N)/(D) (A)/(A/A) (A/A)/(A/N) (D)/(N/A) (N)/(N/N) (N/N)/(A) (A/N)/(N)(A)/(A/N) (A/A)/(D) (D)/(N/N) (N/A)/(A) (N/N)/(A/A) (A/N)/(N/A) (A)/(D)(A/A)/(N) (N)/(A) (N/A)/(A/A) (N/N)/(A/N) (A/N)/(N/N) (A)/(N)(A/A)/(N/A) (N)/(A/A) (N/A)/(A/N) (N/N)/(D) (D)/(A) (A)/(N/A)(A/A)/(N/N) (N)/(A/N) (N/A)/(D) (N/N)/(N) (D)/(A/A) (A)/(N/N) (A/N)/(A)(N)/(D) (N/A)/(N) (N/N)/(N/A) (D)/(A/N) (A/A)/(A) (A/N)/(A/A) (N)/(N)(N/A)/(N/A) (N/N)/(N/N)

In another embodiment, the pairwise grouped DTX report may be appliedwithout the assistance of the network signaling, which may end up withthe same reported state table as in Table 8. In this embodiment, thesingle carrier transmission within a pair may be blocked by the groupedDTX report. To avoid this blocking, restriction of transmission may beapplied as suggested in the restricted transmission from the Node-Bmethod, from which data transmission on one carrier within a pair maynot be allowed.

In a third embodiment, a conditional DTX report converted from NACK isapplied to consolidate the less-probable states by converting some NACKsto DTXs. For example, if a NACK is detected in one carrier, and if thenumber of NACKs among other carriers is greater than two, then DTX isreported for this carrier. Otherwise, the states remain unmodified. Themapping relations created are as follows in Table 11.

TABLE 11 Original Reported Original Reported Original Reported statesstates states states states states D/D/D/A D/D/D/A A/D/D/A A/D/D/AN/D/D/A N/D/D/A D/D/D/N D/D/D/N A/D/D/N A/D/D/N N/D/D/N D/D/D/D D/D/A/DD/D/A/D A/D/A/D A/D/A/D N/D/A/D N/D/A/D D/D/A/A D/D/A/A A/D/A/A A/D/A/AN/D/A/A N/D/A/A D/D/A/N D/D/A/N A/D/A/N A/D/A/N N/D/A/N D/D/A/D D/D/N/DD/D/N/D A/D/N/D A/D/N/D N/D/N/D D/D/D/D D/D/N/A D/D/N/A A/D/N/A A/D/N/AN/D/N/A D/D/D/A D/D/N/N D/D/D/D A/D/N/N A/D/D/D N/D/N/N D/D/D/D D/A/D/DD/A/D/D A/A/D/D A/A/D/D N/A/D/D N/A/D/D D/A/D/A D/A/D/A A/A/D/A A/A/D/AN/A/D/A N/A/D/A D/A/D/N D/A/D/N A/A/D/N A/A/D/N N/A/D/N D/A/D/D D/A/A/DD/A/A/D A/A/A/D A/A/A/D N/A/A/D N/A/A/D D/A/A/A D/A/A/A A/A/A/A A/A/A/AN/A/A/A N/A/A/A D/A/A/N D/A/A/N A/A/A/N A/A/A/N N/A/A/N D/A/A/D D/A/N/DD/A/N/D A/A/N/D A/A/N/D N/A/N/D D/A/D/D D/A/N/A D/A/N/A A/A/N/A A/A/N/AN/A/N/A D/A/D/A D/A/N/N D/A/D/D A/A/N/N A/A/D/D N/A/N/N D/A/D/D D/N/D/DD/N/D/D A/N/D/D A/N/D/D N/N/D/D D/D/D/D D/N/D/A D/N/D/A A/N/D/A A/N/D/AN/N/D/A D/D/D/A D/N/D/N D/D/D/D A/N/D/N A/D/D/D N/N/D/N D/D/D/D D/N/A/DD/N/A/D A/N/A/D A/N/A/D N/N/A/D D/D/A/D D/N/A/A D/N/A/A A/N/A/A A/N/A/AN/N/A/A D/D/A/A D/N/A/N D/D/A/D A/N/A/N A/D/A/D N/N/A/N D/D/A/D D/N/N/DD/D/D/D A/N/N/D A/D/D/D N/N/N/D D/D/D/D D/N/N/A D/D/D/A A/N/N/A A/D/D/AN/N/N/A D/D/D/A D/N/N/N D/D/D/D A/N/N/N A/D/D/D N/N/N/N D/D/D/D A/D/D/DA/D/D/D N/D/D/D N/D/D/D

The number of reported states is reduced from 80 to 47, as shown inTable 12, where the outstanding states that Node-B 420 receives arelisted.

TABLE 12 A/A/A/A A/D/A/A A/N/A/A D/A/D/D D/D/D/N N/A/A/D A/A/A/D A/D/A/DA/N/A/D D/A/D/N D/D/N/A N/A/D/A A/A/A/N A/D/A/N A/N/D/A D/A/N/A D/D/N/DN/A/D/A A/A/D/A A/D/D/A A/N/D/D D/A/N/D D/N/A/A N/D/A/A A/A/D/D A/D/D/DD/A/A/A D/D/A/A D/N/A/D N/D/A/D A/A/D/N A/D/D/N D/A/A/D D/D/A/D D/N/D/AN/D/D/A A/A/N/A A/D/N/A D/A/A/N D/D/A/N D/N/D/D N/D/D/D A/A/N/D A/D/N/DD/A/D/A D/D/D/A N/A/A/A

The binary codewords specified in Table 2 may be used to encode thestates given in Table 12 to generate the ten bit HARQ-ACK messagecarried by HS-SCCH. This is performed by identifying any mappingrelations of the 47 states to entries of codeword table and thenperforming the encoding.

In another example of three carriers with one carrier configured inMIMO, let carrier C1, and carrier C2 denote two carriers without MIMOand let carrier C3 denote the carrier with MIMO, they are grouped as apair (C1/C2). The carrier with MIMO may be handled as is without anyfurther processing. The composite HARQ-ACK states are represented by(C1,C2)/C3. Table 13 shows possible combinations of the HARQ-ACK statesfor three carriers with one configured with MIMO, which has total of 62entries.

TABLE 13 (A/A)/A (A/D)/N (D/A)/AA (D/D)/NN (N/A)/D (N/N)/A (A/A)/AA(A/D)/NA (D/A)/AN (D/N)/A (N/A)/N (N/N)/AA (A/A)/AN (A/D)/NN (D/A)/D(D/N)/AA (N/A)/NA (N/N)/AN (A/A)/D (A/N)/A (D/A)/N (D/N)/AN (N/A)/NN(N/N)/D (A/A)/N (A/N)/AA (D/A)/NA (D/N)/D (N/D)/A (N/N)/N (A/A)/NA(A/N)/AN (D/A)/NN (D/N)/N (N/D)/AA (N/N)/NA (A/A)/NN (A/N)/D (D/D)/A(D/N)/NA (N/D)/AN (N/N)/NN (A/D)/A (A/N)/N (D/D)/AA (D/N)/NN (N/D)/D(A/D)/AA (A/N)/NA (D/D)/AN (N/A)/A (N/D)/N (A/D)/AN (A/N)/NN (D/D)/N(N/A)/AA (N/D)/NA (A/D)/D (D/A)/A (D/D)/NA (N/A)/AN (N/D)/NN

Table 14 shows a composite reduction mapping table for three carrierswith one configured with MIMO. To optimize the codebook table, sameprocessing, (i.e., grouped DTX reporting conditional on the networksignaling), is applied to (C1/C2) according to Table 7, which generatesthe composite mapping shown in Table 14. One bit of network signalingmay be used to indicate two modes including dual TX which indicatestransmission over both carrier C1 and carrier C2, and single TX, whichindicates transmission on one of the carriers in the pair.

TABLE 14 original reported states original reported states states dualTX single TX states dual TX single TX (A/A)/A (A/A)/A (A/A)/A (D/D)/N(D/D)/N (D/D)/N (A/A)/AA (A/A)/AA (A/A)/AA (D/D)/NA (D/D)/NA (D/D)/NA(A/A)/AN (A/A)/AN (A/A)/AN (D/D)/NN (D/D)/NN (D/D)/NN (A/A)/D (A/A)/D(A/A)/D (D/N)/A (D/D)/A (N/N)/A (A/A)/N (A/A)/N (A/A)/N (D/N)/AA(D/D)/AA (N/N)/AA (A/A)/NA (A/A)/NA (A/A)/NA (D/N)/AN (D/D)/AN (N/N)/AN(A/A)/NN (A/A)/NN (A/A)/NN (D/N)/D (D/D)/D (N/N)/D (A/D)/A (D/D)/A(A/A)/A (D/N)/N (D/D)/N (N/N)/N (A/D)/AA (D/D)/AA (A/A)/AA (D/N)/NA(D/D)/NA (N/N)/NA (A/D)/AN (D/D)/AN (A/A)/AN (D/N)/NN (D/D)/NN (N/N)/NN(A/D)/D (D/D)/D (A/A)/D (N/A)/A (N/A)/A (N/A)/A (A/D)/N (D/D)/N (A/A)/N(N/A)/AA (N/A)/AA (N/A)/AA (A/D)/NA (D/D)/NA (A/A)/NA (N/A)/AN (N/A)/AN(N/A)/AN (A/D)/NN (D/D)/NN (A/A)/NN (N/A)/D (N/A)/D (N/A)/D (A/N)/A(A/N)/A (A/N)/A (N/A)/N (N/A)/N (N/A)/N (A/N)/AA (A/N)/AA (A/N)/AA(N/A)/NA (N/A)/NA (N/A)/NA (A/N)/AN (A/N)/AN (A/N)/AN (N/A)/NN (N/A)/NN(N/A)/NN (A/N)/D (A/N)/D (A/N)/D (N/D)/A (D/D)/A (N/N)/A (A/N)/N (A/N)/N(A/N)/N (N/D)/AA (D/D)/AA (N/N)/AA (A/N)/NA (A/N)/NA (A/N)/NA (N/D)/AN(D/D)/AN (N/N)/AN (A/N)/NN (A/N)/NN (A/N)/NN (N/D)/D (D/D)/D (N/N)/D(D/A)/A (D/D)/A (A/A)/A (N/D)/N (D/D)/N (N/N)/N (D/A)/AA (D/D)/AA(A/A)/AA (N/D)/NA (D/D)/NA (N/N)/NA (D/A)/AN (D/D)/AN (A/A)/AN (N/D)/NN(D/D)/NN (N/N)/NN (D/A)/D (D/D)/D (A/A)/D (N/N)/A (N/N)/A (N/N)/A(D/A)/N (D/D)/N (A/A)/N (N/N)/AA (N/N)/AA (N/N)/AA (D/A)/NA (D/D)/NA(A/A)/NA (N/N)/AN (N/N)/AN (N/N)/AN (D/A)/NN (D/D)/NN (A/A)/NN (N/N)/D(N/N)/D (N/N)/D (D/D)/A (D/D)/A (D/D)/A (N/N)/N (N/N)/N (N/N)/N (D/D)/AA(D/D)/AA (D/D)/AA (N/N)/NA (N/N)/NA (N/N)/NA (D/D)/AN (D/D)/AN (D/D)/AN(N/N)/NN (N/N)/NN (N/N)/NN

Table 15 shows reported HARQ-ACK states for three carriers with onecarrier in MIMO. The outstanding states remaining from the reductionmapping are given in Table 15, that are reported to Node-B 420.

TABLE 15 (A/A)/A (A/N)/NA (N/A)/N (A/A)/AA (A/N)/NN (N/A)/NA (A/A)/AN(D/D)/A (N/A)/NN (A/A)/D (D/D)/AA (N/N)/A (A/A)/N (D/D)/AN (N/N)/AA(A/A)/NA (D/D)/N (N/N)/AN (A/A)/NN (D/D)/NA (N/N)/D (A/N)/A (D/D)/NN(N/N)/N (A/N)/AA (N/A)/A (N/N)/NA (A/N)/AN (N/A)/AA (N/N)/NN (A/N)/D(N/A)/AN (A/N)/N (N/A)/D

Therefore the size of a codebook may be reduced from 62 to 34. If use ofan existing codebook from an existing encoding scheme is desirable,(e.g. a scheme used in the 3GPP specifications), the reduction mappingfor (C1/C2) may be performed according to Table 9, which leads to thefinal reported states similar to Table 10. At the last stage, the 48states are coded to form a ten bit codeword according to the channelcoding table specified in Table 2.

In a third example of four carriers with MIMO configured on twocarriers, two carriers out of four may be configured with MIMO mode andthe other two carriers are not configured with MIMO. For this case thereare a total of 9*49−1=440 possible combinations in the HARQ-ACK table.Let carrier C1 and carrier C2 be the two carriers without MIMO. They aregrouped to a pair and all possible combinations for the HARQ-ACK statesrelated to this pair are treated by the same reduction mapping operationas specified in Table 4 based on the input of the Node-B 420 signaling.Since there are five outstanding states in Table 4, the total number ofthe composite HARQ-ACK states merging the carriers, with or withoutMIMO, may be reduced to 5*49-1=244 after the reduction effort.Therefore, the size of codebook is reduced from 440 to 244.

Knowing the number of carriers that are transmitting data is useful tominimize the loss due to the grouped DTX reporting. The Node-B 420indicates carrier activity to the WTRU 410, which will be described ingreater detail hereafter. The WTRU 410 detects the indication from theNode-B 420, and applies the appropriate codebook compression to theHARQ-ACK field in the corresponding HS-SCCH.

The carrier activity may be indicated, for example, using the HS-SCCH.For example, the new data indicator bit may be reused. In anotherembodiment, the carrier activity information is provided over theHS-SCCH type 1 in place of the new data indicator bit. Alternatively,the HS-SCCH Type 3 format for single transport block is used for theHS-DSCH transmission. Since MIMO mode may not be configured whenperforming the grouped DTX reporting, some signaling bits used for MIMOmay be used for reporting the carrier activities. The bits may include,for example x_(wipb1), x_(pwipb2), x_(ma3), or x_(ccs7).

Optionally, a HS-SCCH Type 3 format for two transport blocks may beused, where the additional information fields for the secondarytransport block may be used to send configuration information duplicatedfrom another carrier in the pair.

Although features and elements are described above in particularcombinations, each feature or element can be used alone without theother features and elements or in various combinations with or withoutother features and elements. The methods or flow charts provided hereinmay be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmwareincorporated in a computer-readable storage medium for execution by ageneral purpose computer or a processor. Examples of computer-readablestorage mediums include a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory(RAM), a register, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magneticmedia such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-opticalmedia, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks, and digital versatiledisks (DVDs).

Suitable processors include, by way of example, a general purposeprocessor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, adigital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one ormore microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, amicrocontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), FieldProgrammable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of integratedcircuit (IC), and/or a state machine.

A processor in association with software may be used to implement aradio frequency transceiver for use in a wireless transmit receive unit(WTRU), user equipment (UE), terminal, base station, radio networkcontroller (RNC), or any host computer. The WTRU may be used inconjunction with modules, implemented in hardware and/or software, suchas a camera, a video camera module, a videophone, a speakerphone, avibration device, a speaker, a microphone, a television transceiver, ahands free headset, a keyboard, a Bluetooth® module, a frequencymodulated (FM) radio unit, a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit,an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display unit, a digital musicplayer, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser,and/or any wireless local area network (WLAN) or Ultra Wide Band (UWB)module.

1-16. (canceled)
 17. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising:a receiver configured to receive multiple downlink signals, wherein afirst subset of the downlink signals is received on a first servingcell, and wherein a second subset of the downlink signals is received ona second serving cell; circuitry configured to: generate a first hybridautomatic repeat request acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) feedback relating tothe first subset of the downlink signals and a second HARQ-ACK feedbackrelating to the second subset of the downlink signals; and concatenatethe first HARQ-ACK feedback and the second HARQ-ACK feedback into aHS-DPCCH; and a transmitter configured to transmit the concatenatedfirst HARQ-ACK feedback and the second HARQ-ACK feedback over a singleuplink carrier.
 18. The WTRU of claim 17, wherein the concatenated firstHARQ-ACK feedback and the second HARQ-ACK feedback are transmitted witha spreading factor of
 128. 19. The WTRU of claim 17, wherein thecircuitry is further configured to generate a first channel qualityindicator (CQI) relating to the first subset of the downlink signals anda second CQI relating to the second subset of the downlink signals. 20.The WTRU of claim 19, wherein the circuitry is further configured totransmit the first CQI and the second CQI over the single uplinkcarrier.
 21. The WTRU of claim 20, wherein the first CQI and the secondCQI are combined into the HS-DPCCH.
 22. The WTRU of claim 17, whereinthe concatenating comprises time-multiplexing the first HARQ-ACKfeedback and the second HARQ-ACK feedback.
 23. The WTRU of claim 17,wherein the circuitry is further configured to generate a statereduction, wherein the state reduction maps actual hybrid automaticrepeat request-acknowledgement states to reported hybrid automaticrepeat request-acknowledgement states of a smaller set.
 24. A methodimplemented in a wireless transmit/receive unit, the method comprising:receiving multiple downlink signals, wherein a first subset of thedownlink signals is received on a first serving cell, and wherein asecond subset of the downlink signals is received on a second servingcell; generate a first hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment(HARQ-ACK) feedback relating to the first subset of the downlink signalsand a second HARQ-ACK feedback relating to the second subset of thedownlink signals; and concatenating the first HARQ-ACK feedback and thesecond HARQ-ACK feedback into a HS-DPCCH; and transmitting theconcatenated first HARQ-ACK feedback and the second HARQ-ACK feedbackover a single uplink carrier.
 25. The method of claim 24, wherein theconcatenated first HARQ-ACK feedback and the second HARQ-ACK feedbackare transmitted with a spreading factor of
 128. 26. The method of claim24, further comprising generating a first channel quality indicator(CQI) relating to the first subset of the downlink signals and a secondCQI relating to the second subset of the downlink signals.
 27. Themethod of claim 26, further comprising transmitting the first CQI andthe second CQI over the single uplink carrier.
 28. The method of claim27, wherein the first CQI and the second CQI are combined into theHS-DPCCH.
 29. The method of claim 24, wherein concatenating the firstHARQ-ACK feedback and the second HARQ-ACK feedback comprisestime-multiplexing the first HARQ-ACK feedback and the second HARQ-ACKfeedback.
 30. The method of claim 24, further comprising generating astate reduction, wherein the state reduction maps actual hybridautomatic repeat request-acknowledgement states to reported hybridautomatic repeat request-acknowledgement states of a smaller set.